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Understanding ZFS: Transaction Groups & Disk Performance

I've been deeply concerned about the number of people who continue to use iostat as the means to universally judge IO as "good" or "bad". Before I explain why, lets review iostat. # iostat -xnM c0t1d0 1 extended device statistics r/s w/s Mr/s Mw/s wait actv wsvc_t asvc_t %w %b device 19.9 240.9 2.1 ...

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Understanding ZFS: Disk Space Discrepancies

Here's a good ZFS Trivia question to bewilder your friends and common question: Why do the two following outputs for the same ZFS pool disagree? # zfs list zones NAME USED AVAIL REFER MOUNTPOINT zones 634G 185G 69K /zones # zpool list NAME SIZE USED AVAIL CAP HEALTH ALTROOT zones 832G ...

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ZYNK: The Zuper Zimple ZFS Sync (Replication) Tool

I've been working on building better and better ZFS replication tools for use at Joyent, but it often gets complex and frustrating because, although replication in ZFS is very simplistic, managing all the snapshots, retentions, and mountains of error checking and handling, on top of reporting and stats collection, is a nightmare. So, just to relax I wrote a ...

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Understanding ZFS: Replication, Archive and Backup

As with other features of ZFS, the traditionally complex is made simple and straight forward. This simplification can coax administrators into a false complacency. In ZFS, backup, archive, migration... any activity that fundamentally involves the movement of data from one system to another, is a replication activity. I propose that the traditional idea of ...

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Understanding ZFS: Compression

One of the most appealing features ZFS offers is built in compression capabilities. The tradeoffs are self evident, consume additional CPU but conserve disk space. If your running an OLTP database then compression probly isn't for you, however if you are doing bulk data archiving this could be a huge win. ZFS is built with the realization that in modern ...

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zdb: Examining ZFS At Point-Blank Range

ZFS is an amazing in its simplicity and beauty, however it is also deceivingly complex. The chance that you'll ever be forced to peer behind the veil is unlikely outside of the storage enthusiast ranks, but as it proliferates more questions will come up regarding its internals. We have been given a tool to assist us investigate the inner workings, zdb, but it is, ...

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Explore Your ZFS Adaptive Replacement Cache (ARC)

Some time ago I wrote a tool which I call arc_summary. It is a kstat based PERL application that runs some calculations and presents you with a pretty report of ZFS ARC. The idea is to help you interpret the data more appropriately. Lets look at some output: benr@quadra ~$ ./arc_summary.pl System Memory: Physical RAM: 4083 MB Free ...

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Thinking ZFS: Keys for success

There are a lot of core concepts to grasp with ZFS. Frankly, power comes at the price of a learning curve. While ZFS makes storage simpler than ever, a solid grasp of the core concepts is really critical to efficient usage. Anytime someone says "multiple filesystems" I cringe. There is no faster way to lead yourself down a confused road than to think of ...

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Compressed Secure ZFS Archives

ZFS is an amazing technology. Its snapshot capability quickly changes the way you work on the desktop or server. Add replication via zfs send .. and zfs recv .. and life gets even better. Jeff, Bill, and crew, geniuses that they are, did something very special and exceptionally powerful that you might be overlooking... ZFS replication is just a simple ...

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ZFS RW on Leopard

b00 y44. Login in to the ADC (free membership available), download the ZFS Beta1 seed, install on to your new Leopard install, and reboot... 2 minutes total and you get what you desire: Macintosh:~ tamr$ sudo zpool Password: missing command usage: zpool command args ... where 'command' is one of the following: create [-fn] [-R root] [-m mountpoint] ...

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